Political Parties Comparison

⚖️ Federalists vs. Republicans

America's first political parties had very different visions. Know the key differences!

Federalists

Led by Hamilton & Adams

Strong central government
Industry & manufacturing
Pro-British
Merchants, North

Republicans

Led by Jefferson & Madison

Limited power, states' rights
Agriculture & farming
Pro-French
Farmers, South/West
Issue Fed Rep
Leaders Hamilton, Adams Jefferson, Madison
Government Power Strong central/federal government Limited federal power; strong states' rights
Constitution Loose interpretation (implied powers) Strict interpretation (only stated powers)
Economy Industry, manufacturing, trade Agriculture, farming
National Bank Supported Opposed
Foreign Policy Pro-British Pro-French

đź’ˇ Easy to Remember

• Federalists = Federal (strong) govt
• Hamilton = Treasury → business/money
• Jefferson = farmer → agriculture
• Fed→Britain (trade) vs Rep→France (Revolution)

⚠️ Washington's Warning

In his Farewell Address, Washington warned against political parties, fearing they would divide the nation. Parties formed anyway! This division still influences our two-party system today.